一般民眾可在媒體上聽到「侵入住宅罪」之名詞,因此對於無故進入他人住宅 可能構成犯罪一事較不陌生。但是,民眾可能不知道的是,不僅僅無故進入他 人之「住宅」可構成犯罪,縱使「非住宅或無人居住」之建築物,如百貨公司、補習班等,若無故侵入,亦可能構成犯罪。
或許有民眾認為,有人居住之「住宅」與其他非住宅之「建築物」根本不同, 侵入住宅會導致他人住居不得安寧,但是進入其他建築物不會導致住居不安之 問題,兩者不可等量齊觀。
事實上,據刑法第306條第1項規定:「無故侵入他人『住宅』、『建築物」 者,處一年以下有期徒刑。」將「住宅」與「建築物」並列,而該條所要保護的,是住宅或建築物之管理人(或所有權人)之管領監督權(最高法院84年台非字 第442 號刑事判決參道)。因此,只要是「無故侵入」,縱使是非住宅之建築物,亦可構成犯罪。
People often hear the term "illegal intrusion into a residence" in the media, so they are generally aware that unlawfully entering someone else's home may constitute a crime. However, what someone may not realize is that unauthorized entry into non-residential or unoccupied buildings-such as department stores, cram schools, or other facilities-may also be considered a criminal offense.
Some people may believe that entering a residential home is different from entering a non- residential building, as unlawful entry into a home disrupts the residents' peace, whereas entering other types of buildings does not cause the same issue. Therefore, they might think the two situations should not be treated the same under the law.
However, according to Article 306, Paragraph l of the Criminal Code: "anyone who unlawfully enters another person's "residence" or "building" shall be subject to imprisonment for up to one year." This provision explicitly lists both residences and buildings, indicating that the law protects not only the peace of a home but also the right of the owner or manager to control and supervise their property (as referenced in Supreme Court Criminal Judgement No. 442 of 1995). Therefore, as long as the entry is unauthorized, it may constitute a criminal offense, even if the building is not a residence.
March 29, 2025