日常生活中偶有民眾利用他人閒置士地種植作物之情。但是，隨意利用他人士地，恐有觸法之虜。
按刑法第320條第2項規定:「意圖為自己或第三人不法之利益,而竊佔他人之不動產者」,處五年以下有期徒刑,拘役或五十萬以下罰金。依最高法院24 年7月之總會決議,所謂「竊占」,係指在他人不知之間,占有他人之不動產。 而據前司法行政部(今法務部)46年台函刑字第4320號函釋:「刑法第三百二十條第二項竊佔罪之構成,係以意圖為自己或第三人不法之利益而竊占他人之不 動產為要件,所謂他人當然包含『公法人』在內。」
因此,民眾如有未經權利人同意利用他人土地(包括:公有地),其行為即可能構 成「竊占罪」,而可遭處五年以下有期徒刑之風險。民眾對此實不可不慎!
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In daily life, there are occasional cases where individuals use other people’s idle land to grow crops. However, such use may be in violation of the law. According to Article 320, Paragraph 2 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of China: “A person who, with the intent to unlawfully benefit themselves or a third party, unlawfully occupies another person’s real property” shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years, short-term detention, or a fine of up to NT$500,000.
According to a resolution of the Supreme Court in July of the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the term “unlawful occupation” refers to the act of occupying another person’s real property without their knowledge. Furthermore, according to a directive issued in 1957 by the then Ministry of Judicial Administration (now the Ministry of Justice), “The crime of unlawful occupation under Article 320, Paragraph 2 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of China is constituted when there is an intent to unlawfully benefit oneself or another by occupying another person’s real property. The term “another person” naturally includes “public legal persons” (i.e., government entities).”
Therefore, if a person uses someone else’s land (including public land) without the owner’s consent, their actions may constitute the crime of “unlawful occupation” and carry the risk of imprisonment for up to five years. The public should take this seriously and act with caution.
March 30, 2025