日前媒體報導國際明星因雲端資訊遭駭客入侵、私密照片外流致人人恐慌。日常生活上,亦常見電腦或網路帳號遭他人入侵致照片或資料外流等情事。該入侵者或電腦資料盜用者之刑責如何?
依《刑法》第358條之規定:「無故輸入他人帳號密碼、破解使用密碼之保護 措施或利用電腦系統之漏洞,而入侵他人之電腦或其相關設備者,處三年以下有期徒刑 、拘役或科或併科三十萬元以下以下罰金」。因此,入侵他人電腦或帳 號本身,即非適法:入侵者縱為竊取、下載或散佈他人資料,仍得處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役或科或併科三十萬元以下罰金。
又,依《刑法》第10條規定:「稱『電磁紀錄」者,謂以電子、磁性、光學或 其他相類之方式所製成,而供電腦處理之紀錄」據此,電腦內存之資料均屬電 磁紀錄之一種。而依《刑法》第359條規定:「無故取得、刪除或變更他人電腦或其相關設備之『電磁紀錄」,致生損害於公眾或他人者,處五年以下有期徒 刑、拘役或科或併科六十萬元以下罰金」,因此入侵他人電腦或帳號以取得、刪除或變更相關(包括:照片)時,致該資料所有人或第三人權益受損時,亦得處 五年以下有期徒刑。
至於該取得之資料如屬「猥褻」之文字、圖畫、聲音、影像等而公開或散播 時,依《刑法》第235條規定:「散布、播送或販賣「猥褻」之文字、圖畫、 聲音、影像或其他物品,或公然陳列,或以他法供人觀賞、聽聞者,處兩年以 下有期徒刑、拘役或科或併科九萬元以下罰金」。易言之,單純將不雅照片散佈、播送(包括在網路散播)或是將其置於不特定或是特定多數人可得觀賞、 瀏覽之狀態下可處2年以下有期徒刑。
提醒民眾,網路雖然便利,但使用時需格外小心,以免因—時好奇或新奇而觸法!
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Recently, the media reported a case where a global celebrity had their private cloud account hacked, leading to leaked personal photos and widespread panic. In daily life, it's also common to hear about people's computers or online accounts being broken into, causing private images or data to be exposed. So, what are the legal consequences for someone who hacks into a computer or steals and shares someone else's data?
According to Article 358 of the Criminal Code: "A person who gains access into another person's computer or related equipment by entering the password of another person's computer account, cracking the protective measures for using the computer or exploiting the loophole of the computer system without any reason, shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than three years of imprisonment; in lieu thereof, or in addition thereto, a fine of not more than three hundred thousand dollars may be imposed." In simple terms, just accessing someone else's computer or account without permission is already illegal-even if you don't steal, download, or spread any information. The act of hacking itself is punishable by law, with penalties of up to three years in prison, detention, or a fine.
According to Article 10 of the Criminal Code: "The term "electromagnetic recording" means records for computer processing made through the use of electronic, magnetic, optical or other similar means." This means that all data stored in a computer including files, photos, and documents are considered electronic records. Under Article 359 of the Criminal Code: "Anyone who, without permission, obtains, delete, or alters another person's electronic records stored in a computer or related device, and causes harm to the public or another individual, may be sentenced to up to five years in prison, detention, and/or a fine of up to NT$600,000."In other words, if someone hacks into a computer or account and obtains, deletes or changes data- such as personal photos-and that act causes harm to the data owner or another person, the hacker may face up to five years in prison.
If the obtained data includes obscene materials such as explicit texts, images, sounds, or videos, and these are made public or distributed, it may be a criminal offense. According to Article 235 of the Criminal Code: "A person who distributes, broadcasts, sells, publicly displays, or by other means to show an obscene writing, picture, audio record, video record, or any other object to another person shall be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than two years, short-term imprisonment, in lieu thereof, or in addition thereto, a fine of ninety thousand dollars may be imposed." In simple terms, even just spreading or uploading inappropriate photos such as posting them online or making them available for others to view, whether to the public or a specific group can result in criminal penalties, including up to two years of imprisonment.
Warm reminder: the internet offers great convenience, but users must stay cautious. A moment of curiosity or excitement could unintentionally lead to breaking the law!
April 26, 2025